• Crystallographic and NMR based analyses have revealed

  2021-06-25

  

  Crystallographic and NMR-based analyses have revealed that RINGs and U-boxes have a common mode of interaction with E2s (Fig. 2A). The key structural elements are two loop-like regions, which, in the case of RINGs, coordinate Zn. The loops surround a shallow groove formed by the central α-helix. Tog

• br Materials and methods br Results br

  2021-06-25

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion PYR-41 inhibits UBE1 activity that catalyses an initial step in the ubiquitination reaction. In the present study, we examined the role of this enzyme in sperm-egg fusion by inhibiting UBE1 enzymatic activity in eggs. Our results suggest that PYR-41

• One possible explanation for differences in

  2021-06-24

  

  One possible explanation for differences in the binding ability of monomeric versus dimeric forms of DDR2 ECD to collagen could be that the monomeric form only binds to the primary GVMGFO site, whereas dimeric (and oligomeric) DDR2 ECD binds to additional sites on the collagen triple-helical molecul

• A more refined picture of cholinesterase activity

  2021-06-24

  

  A more refined picture of cholinesterase activity patterns may be obtained by measuring ChE activity of the same sample before and after addition of certain cholinesterase inhibitors, with differential specificity for different components of total ChE activity, such as BW284c51 (BW1,5-bis-(4-allyldi

• 2365 Introduction The physiological significance of hypoxia

  2021-06-24

  

  Introduction The physiological significance of hypoxia is undisputed, although largely over looked in the cancer therapeutics field focused on DNA-damage induced by ionizing radiation or drug treatment. Regions of hypoxia occur during a range of diverse biological situations including embryogenesis

• A particularly important system in which Eph ephrin

  2021-06-24

  

  A particularly important system in which Eph-ephrin signaling has been widely studied is neural development, in which downstream signal transduction controls neural stem cell (NSC) proliferation, migration, and survival both during early development and in adulthood (19, 20, 21). Furthermore, Eph-ep

• br Results br Discussion The advent of TKI treatment

  2021-06-24

  

  Results Discussion The advent of TKI treatment has greatly improved CML therapy. Because CML LSCs are less sensitive to TKIs, CML is usually controlled rather than cured, highlighting an unmet clinical need. Developed from our previous finding that CML LSCs are more dependent on Tcf1 and Lef1

• Notably we demonstrated that EP EP receptor coupled activati

  2021-06-24

  

  Notably we demonstrated that EP2/EP4 receptor-coupled activation of the cAMP signaling pathway accounted for both up-regulation of COX-2 and down-regulation of LOX, which is consistent with the roles of the cAMP signaling pathway in regulation of COX-2 and LOX by PGE2 in a number of other tissues or

• After activation AKT phosphorylates target

  2021-06-24

  

  After activation, AKT phosphorylates target proteins involved in cell growth, metabolism and survival (Manning and Cantley, 2007). For example, AKT phosphorylates the pro-apoptotic protein BAD, preventing it from binding to and inactivating Bcl-xL in mitochondria (Datta et al., 1997). In turn, Bcl-x

• br Funding This work was partly

  2021-06-24

  

  Funding This work was partly supported by the grant ‘Maria Grazia Cuccoli’ from Fondazione Cassa di Risparmio di Bologna. Declarations of interest Acknowledgements Introduction The main strategy of oncolytic viral therapy is based on the fact that naturally occurring or engineered virus

• With respect to bone metabolism and ossification related gen

  2021-06-24

  

  With respect to ‘bone metabolism and ossification’-related genes, treatment of SaOS-2 osteoblast-like Ozagrel with MS-10 up-regulated IGFBP-4, TG2, and SOST. Up-regulation of IGFBP-4 in SaOS-2 cells inhibits DNA and protein synthesis induced by IGF-1 (Kudo et al., 1995, Kudo et al., 1996). In additi

• Sp family protein has been regarded

  2021-06-23

  

  Sp family protein has been regarded as the housekeeping gene and is ubiquitously expressed. Although Sp family expression is regulated with some stimuli [17], [20], the total Sp family protein levels are not changed in most cases, as observed in our present study (Fig. 4). Constitutive binding of th

• In contrast DAG phosphorylation to PA by diacylglycerol

  2021-06-23

  

  In contrast, DAG phosphorylation to PA by diacylglycerol kinases (DGKs) represents a quantitatively minor metabolic pathway, but is generally regarded as a main disposal pathway for “signaling” DAG. PA produced by DGKs is an intermediate of the synthesis of CDP-DAG, cardiolipin and PI. However, PA i

• The role of DDR in glomerular injury has been then

  2021-06-23

  

  The role of DDR1 in glomerular injury has been then further studied by the Chatziantoniou group in experimentally-induced crescentic glomerulonephritis, by injection of alloimmune sheep nephrotoxic serum (NTS) [54]. Glomerulonephritis produced a 17-fold increase of DDR1 expression, predominantly in

• br Role of cysLT signaling on various

  2021-06-23

  

  Role of cysLT signaling on various neurological complications which are associated with Alzheimer’s disease Alzheimer’s disease, first described in 1906 by Alois Alzheimer, is a neurodegenerative disease and a very common cause of dementia progressively leading to death. Even though years of rese

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